The room of the Guards, first part of the apartment of the King, was occupied by soldiers of guards charged to control the entries. Used as part of passage for the allowed people with the royal audiences, it was, in XVIème century, soberly decorated with a ceiling with painted beams, and a plank with war patterns in top of the walls.

The rest of the decoration was carried out under Louis-Philippe, who had made of it a reception room. It recalls the names, weapons, currencies, and victories of some kings (for example, Marignan...). One notices, on the right while entering, a large Sèvres vase. Called Vase of Rennaissance, (more because of its style than of its date: 1832!) it represents scenes which, according to the tradition, would have occurred in Fontainebleau: Léonard de Vinci painting the Mona Lisa in front of François 1st (the painter however never came in Fontainebleau) and Benvenuto Cellini carving his Diane in front of Diane de Poitiers. On especially notices in this decoration charged the monumental, decorated chimney of a bust of Henri IV (1600), and the large table, which recalls that the room was used as dining room ordinary under Napoleon III.